Each province
of East Java is located between 7 degrees 12' and 8 degrees 48' South latitude and
stretches from 110 degrees 52' to 114 degrees 42' East longitude.
- The borders of East Java are :
- the eastern is the Bali Strait,
the western is Central Java,
the northern is the Java Sea,
the southern is the Indian Ocean
Two-thirds of this province is mountainous
and hilly with slopes. There are approximately 48 mountains with summits from 284 to 3,676
m. The highest mountain in Java is located in East Java. It is Mt. Semeru.
The total area includes the area of land
measuring 47,922.48 sq. km, with a marine area measuring 110,000.00 sq. km. The total
number of isles and islands recorded is 74. Thus, the total area of
East Java as a
whole is 157,922,48 sq. km which is composed as follows:
- The area of land 47,922.48 sq. km
- Consists of:
- - Technical field 6,866.37 sq. km
- - Semi-technical field 1,137.61 sq. km
- - Dry field 3,749.57 sq. km
- - Garden 11,603.70 sq. km
- - Housing 5,572.76 sq. km
- - Plantation 1,835.17 sq. km
- - Productive forest 7,433.12 sq. km
- - Protected forest 4,364.57 sq. km
- - National park and preserved forest 2,202.33 sq. km
- - Pool 0.51 sq. km
- - Salt pond 134.14 sq. km
- - Fish pond 897.00 sq. km
- - Mix garden 253.75 sq. km
- - Destroyed/unfertile/grassy land 1,258.75 sq. km
- The area of sea = 110.000.00 sq. km.
- Number of isles and islands = 74.
Climate
East Java, like the other parts of the Indonesian archipelago, has the same climate: a
tropical climate with two famous seasons: rainy season (October-April) and dry seasons
(May - September). The average temperature is between 20-30 degrees Celcius (about 75-95
degrees Farenheit). It is sunny in East Java: 70% - 80% of the year in the northern area,
60% - 70% in the central area and about 60% of the year in the mountains.
According to the records from the Department of Meteorology, the air temperature ranges
from 19.8 degrees - 36.0 degrees Celcius. The lowest temperature takes place in July
whereas the highest temperature takes place in November. Based on the Schmidt and
Ferguson's classification system, most of the regions in East Java posses a D-type
climate.
Hydrology
Most regions in East Java are irrigated by rivers. The rivers have many purposes such as:
irrigation, fishery, reservoir, electric plant, transportation, tourist attraction, etc.
Besides the river, there are some factors which support hydrology such as: swamps, crater
lakes, lakes, reservoirs, water sources, and underground water.
The region of East Java
The region of East Java based on the physical features and natural characteristics is
classified into 4 (four) sub-regions:
- Sub-region I
Highland regions in the central area start from the regencies of Ngawi to Banyuwangi
(fertile regions that have already developed due to the DAS--area irrigated by the river)
Brantas, DAS Madiun, and DAS Sampean.
- Sub-region II
Lowland regions in the northern area of East Java and the island of Madura consist of the
regencies of Bojonegoro, Tuban, Lamongan, Gresik, and Madura (regions) of which the
fertility is growing due to the DAS Solo and DAS Madura.
- Sub-region III
Limestone regions in the southern part lie in the regencies of Pacitan, Ponorogo, and
western Trenggalek, Tulungagung, Blitar, and Malang (these are infertile, undeveloped
regions but they are linked with the DAS Grindulu/Pakis Baru and part of the DAS Brantas).
- Sub-region IV
Isolated rural isles which consist of 63, belonging to the regency of Sumenep. One isle
belongs to the respective regencies: Sampang, Gresik, and Probolinggo (under-developed
regions).
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